To go or not to go: travel constraints and attractiveness of travel affecting outbound Chinese tourists to Japan

The fast growth of the Chinese economy has transformed Chinese outbound tourism into one of the major players in the tourism industry worldwide. However, Chinese outbound tourists may still encounter travel constraints in some countries, such as Japan, which has had a close and complicated relationship in history with China. This study adopted the qualitative approach by applying focus group and in-depth interviews to investigate and triangulate the travel barriers affecting Chinese outbound travel to Japan. The findings indicated that domestic nationalist sentiment played a key constraining role in influencing Chinese outbound travel decision-making, followed by current political factors, while quality products and service, as well as social environment encouraged tourists to travel. This research also found that visitors and non-visitors have perception differences in terms of travel barriers and attractiveness of travel.     

Credibility in Loss Reserving

This article proposes using credibility theory in the context of stochastic claims reserving. We consider the situation where an insurer has access to the claims experience of its peer competitors and has the potential to improve prediction of outstanding liabilities by incorporating information from other insurers. Based on the framework of Bayesian linear models, we show that the development factor in the classical chain-ladder setting has a credibility expression: a weighted average of the prior mean and the best estimate from the data. In the empirical analysis, we examine loss triangles for the line of commercial auto insurance from a portfolio of insurers in the United States. We employ hierarchical model for the specification of prior and show that prediction could be improved through borrowing strength among insurers based on a hold-out sample validation.     

Insurance ratemaking using a copula-based multivariate Tweedie model

The Tweedie distribution, featured with a mass probability at zero, is a convenient tool for insurance claims modeling and pure premium determination in general insurance. Motivated by the fact that an insurance policy typically provides multiple types of coverage, we propose a copula-based multivariate Tweedie regression for modeling the semi-continuous claims while accommodating the association among different types. The proposed approach also allows for dispersion modeling, resulting in a multivariate version of the double generalized linear model. We demonstrate the application in insurance ratemaking using a portfolio of policyholders of automobile insurance from the state of Massachusetts in the United States.     

组织变革对组织存活的影响研究——基于组织生态学的视角

20世纪以来,科学技术的快速发展,促进了全球经济的增长,给组织带来了发展的机遇,但是市场环境的剧烈动荡,使组织面临巨大的市场挑战和风险。组织为了生存,必须进行变革,但变革的高风险和高成本又反过来影响了组织生存。因此,组织变革与组织存活的关系是一个值得探讨的话题。目前,此问题的研究主要集中在两个视角:适应视角和生态学视角。其中,生态学视角是一种新的分析视角,为组织变革理论的研究提供了重要借鉴。     

A decade of hybrid reporting and accountabilities of the Hanyeping Company (1909–1919)

Using a model of hybrid reporting and accountabilities, this article considers the reporting and accountability of the Hanyeping Company in the Beiyang era. The results of the study suggest that the Hanyeping Company attempted to provide comprehensive accounts of its activities to satisfy the needs of a plethora of domestic and foreign stakeholders through a combination of detailed Western and Chinese accounts. In keeping with Western and indigenous Chinese expectations of accounting, the Hanyeping Company prepared accounts that demonstrated characteristics of Auyeung’s demonstrated features of nineteenth-century Westernised reporting and the traditional reporting model. This suggests that the period between 1909 and 1919 experienced a decade of reporting hybridisation in direct contrast to the so-called period of accounting stagnation of the late Qing Dynasty.     

转型期捷克福利体系改革及对中国的启示

捷克福利体系由社会保险、家庭政策和社会救助三部分组成。通过对转型期捷克福利体系三个组成部分实施的改革进行分析得出结论：尽管捷克福利模式没有实施养老金私有化等自由主义倾向明显的改革措施，但总体上仍然向着盎格鲁撒克逊自由主义福利模式转变，国家责任逐渐减少，市场力量逐步增强。结合捷克改革过程中的经验提出对中国养老金改革的一点建议。     

The Asymmetric Information Problem in Taiwan's Cancer Insurance Market

This paper investigates the problem of asymmetric information in Taiwan’s cancer insurance market. Through the survey data, we find evidence of adverse selection existing in this market. Furthermore, we collect additional information on the individual, and find that the individual’s family cancer history contains additional valuable information. It can not only more accurately predict the probability of contracting cancer, as well as predict the willingness to purchase extended cancer insurance, but it can also help to mitigate the severity of adverse selection in the insurance market.     

我国信托业市场结构与绩效关系研究

我国信托业的经营绩效与市场份额之间存在显著的正相关关系，与市场集中度存在弱性的负相关关系。现阶段我国信托市场还处于垄断程度较低的低中占寡型市场，信托业绩效水平的提升有赖于市场份额、营业费用率、资产负债率等影响因素的进一步优化。     

日本造船业人力资源管理模式

一、概述日本是世界造船大国,1956年造船产量超过英国以后,长期以来一直位居世界造船国家之首。近些年,虽然韩国造船工业的突起,对日本形成的威胁越来越大,但是日本在造船技术、管理等方面仍具有很强的竞争能力。二战以后,日本造船工业之所以能够在短时期内迅速从战争的废墟上崛起,并长期垄断世界造船霸主地位,在很大程度上与日本的民族精神、国民素质以及有效的人力资源管理分不开。日本造船企业不论规模大小,都非常重视人的因素,重视发挥人的积极作用,激发人的潜在能力,融入了以人为本的管理方法,创立了独具特色的“终身雇佣     

旅游高等院校校企合作机制研究--以北京联合大学旅游学院为例

旅游校企合作教育已在国内得到一定程度的发展,但还存在诸多问题,没有真正建立起符合市场经济规律的校企运行机制.影响合作教育的因素有哪些?如何才能建立起有效的合作机制?本文系统分析国内旅游校企合作教育的症结所在,探索适合国情的校企互动条件和形式,提出可资借鉴的校企合作模式和机制.